1. Actual Ethics and Hyper-Morality. Without belabouring culture war phrases which are invariably over-used, it's worth considering the expression “virtue signal.” Though it's usage has been dated back to 2004, it's generally thought that a 2015 Spectator article by James Bartholomew brought the expression into popular usage. It means basically a very public expression of virtuous sentiment which is largely self-serving or self-congratulatory – a show of moral commitment which lacks real conviction or investment. “Virtue signalling” was generally a conservative or right wing taunt aimed at establishment liberals, and yet rather than dying a death as the Guardian hoped it would in 2016, it has slowly crept into general usage. Beginning to become a pejorative term roughly around 2011, “social justice warrior” had essentially the same meaning as “virtue signalling.” “Social justice warrior” is used infrequently today, having largely been replaced by “Woke”...